[1]陈炳耀,姜新月,刘 杉,等.2019—2023年南京长江江豚种群动态[J].南京师大学报(自然科学版),2024,(02):54-62.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4616.2024.02.007]
　Chen Bingyao,Jiang Xinyue,Liu Shan,et al.The Population Dynamics of the Yangtze Finless Porpoise in Nanjing Between 2019 to 2023[J].Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2024,(02):54-62.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4616.2024.02.007]
点击复制

2019—2023年南京长江江豚种群动态()
分享到：

《南京师大学报（自然科学版）》[ISSN:1001-4616/CN:32-1239/N]

卷:
期数:
2024年02期
页码:
54-62
栏目:
江豚生态学与保护生物学
出版日期:
2024-06-15

文章信息/Info

Title:
The Population Dynamics of the Yangtze Finless Porpoise in Nanjing Between 2019 to 2023
文章编号:
1001-4616(2024)02-0054-09
作者:
陈炳耀1; 姜新月1; 刘 杉2; 张 俊2; 郝秀青1; 朱 林1; 李 婷1; 陈力文1
(1.南京师范大学生命科学学院,江苏 南京 210023)
(2.南京长江江豚省级自然保护区管理站,江苏 南京 210019)
Author(s):
Chen Bingyao1; Jiang Xinyue1; Liu Shan2; Zhang Jun2; Hao Xiuqing1; Zhu Lin1; Li Ting1; Chen Liwen1
(1.School of Life Sciences,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)
(2.Nanjing Yangtze Finless Porpoise Provincial Nature Reserve Management Station,Nanjing 210019,China)
关键词:
长江江豚; 分布模式; 南京保护区; 家域; 种群数量
Keywords:
Yangtze Finless Porpoise; distribution pattern; Nanjing reserve; home range; population size
分类号:
Q958.8
DOI:
10.3969/j.issn.1001-4616.2024.02.007
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
南京是长江干流中长江江豚分布最密集的水域之一,一直受到广泛关注,但是种群动态仍不清楚. 2019—2023年,研究团队在南京长江江豚省级自然保护区水域持续开展了长江江豚的监测工作. 本文分析了南京长江江豚的分布、家域及种群数量的动态变化,通过112 d(56次)野外船只调查,发现江豚274次. 平均最近邻工具检验表明江豚呈现聚集型分布,主要出现在潜洲-江心洲-三桥和子汇洲-新济洲等两个水域. 最小凸多边形MCP、95%核心密度法KDE和50%KDE家域面积分别为50.86 km2、135.54 km2和60.81 km2,2022年KDE最大,秋季要高于其他季节. 2019—2023年南京段长江江豚年平均数量分别为52头、60头、57头、62头和65头,呈现年际间的增长态势,冬季高于其他季节. 种群数量的增长可能是实施“长江大保护”、“十年禁渔”、长江江豚拯救行动计划等保护措施的结果.
Abstract:
Nanjing is one of the most densely distributed water area for Yangtze River Finless Porpoises in the main stream of the Yangtze River,which has been widely concerned,but its population dynamics are still unclear. The study has continuously monitored the Yangtze River Finless Porpoise in the waters of the Nanjing Yangtze River Finless Porpoise Provincial Nature Reserve between 2019 and 2023 by conducting a continuous field vessel survey. This article analyzed the dynamic changes in the distribution,home range,and population size of the Yangtze River Finless Porpoise in Nanjing. Through 112 ds of field vessel survey,274 Finless Porpoises were found,mainly in Qianzhou,Jiangxin Island,Sanqiao and Zihuizhou Xinjizhou Waters. The distribution of pufferfish was arranged in an aggregated pattern,as shown by the average nearest neighbor tool test. The minimum convex polygon,95% core density KDE,and 50% KDE family areas for KDE were 50.86 km2,135.54 km2,and 60.81 km2,respectively,12 km2 and 60.81 km2 respectively. The Finless Porpoise population size of the Yangtze River varies with time and season. From 2019 to 2023,the average population size of the Yangtze River Finless Porpoise in the Nanjing section was about 52,60,57,62,and 65,respectively,with spring and winter being higher than autumn and summer. Compared to the past,the increase in population size may be related to measures such as the “Yangtze River Protection”,the “10-year Fishing Ban”,and the Yangtze River Finless Porpoise rescue action plan.

参考文献/References:

[1]JEFFERSON T A,WANG J Y. Revision of the taxonomy of Finless Porpoises(genus Neophocaena):the existence of two species[J]. Journal of marine animals and their ecology,2011,4(1):3-16.
[2]ZHOU X,GUANG X,SUN D,et al. Population genomics of Finless Porpoises reveal an incipient cetacean species adapted to freshwater[J]. Nature communications,2018,9(1):1276.
[3]张先锋,刘仁俊,赵庆中,等. 长江中下游江豚种群现状评价[J]. 兽类学报,1993(4):260-270.
[4]梅志刚,郝玉江,郑劲松,等. 长江江豚种群衰退机理研究进展[J]. 生命科学,2011,23(5):519-524.
[5]杨健,肖文,匡新安,等. 洞庭湖、鄱阳湖白鱀豚和长江江豚的生态学研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境,2000(4):444-450.
[6]ZHAO X,BARLOW J,BARBARA L,et al. Abundance and conservation status of the Yangtze Finless Porpoise in the Yangtze River,China[J]. Biological conservation,2008,141(12):3006-3018.
[7]MEI Z,ZHANG X,HUANG S,et al. The Yangtze Finless Porpoise:On an accelerating path to extinction?[J]. Biological conservation,2014,172:117-123.
[8]HUANG J,MEI Z G,CHEN M,et al. Population survey showing hope for population recovery of the critically endangered Yangtze Finless Porpoise[J]. Biological conservation,2020,241:108315.
[9]叶昆. 皖河口长江江豚活动规律及影响因子探究[D]. 上海:上海海洋大学,2019.
[10]周开亚,杨光,高安利,等. 南京—湖口段长江江豚的种群数量和分布特点[J]. 南京师大学报(自然科学版),1998(2):95-102.
[11]于道平,王江,杨光,等. 长江湖口至荻港段江豚春季对生境选择的初步分析[J]. 兽类学报,2005(3):302-306.
[12]丛丽,吴必虎,寇昕. 北京市会议产业空间格局及其影响因素研究[J]. 经济地理,2013,33(5):77-83.
[13]唐书培. 内蒙古赛罕乌拉国家级自然保护区中华斑羚家域、适宜生境及种群生存力研究[D]. 北京:北京林业大学,2019.
[14]长江十年禁渔成效初步显现江豚数量回升至1249头[J]. 渔业致富指南,2023,592(4):3-4.
[15]王子璇,陈敏敏,王康伟,等. 不同流态中长江江豚的栖息活动比较[J]. 兽类学报,2022,42(2):152-158.
[16]魏卓,王丁,张先锋,等. 长江八里江江段江豚种群数量、行为及其活动规律与保护[J]. 长江流域资源与环境,2002(5):427-432.
[17]魏卓,张先锋,王克雄,等. 长江江豚对八里江江段的利用及其栖息地现状的初步评价[J]. 动物学报,2003(2):163-170.
[18]于道平,王江,杨光,等. 长江湖口至荻港段江豚春季对生境选择的初步分析[J]. 兽类学报,2005(3):302-306.
[19]邓超. 南京长江江豚省级自然保护区栖息地评价[D]. 南京:南京农业大学,2020.
[20]YANG J W,WANG K,MEI Z G,et al. Temporal variation in the diet of Yangtze Finless Porpoise calls for conservation of semi-migratory fish[J]. Freshwater biology,2021,66(5):992-1001.
[21]蔡佳敏. 《长江保护法》再度规范禁渔制度之必要性[J]. 渔业致富指南,2023,4(6):19-25.
[22]陈敏敏,刘志刚,黄杰,等. 固化河岸对长江江豚栖息活动的影响[J]. 生态学报,2018,38(3):945-952.
[23]姚雪青,张倩,肖日东. 苏皖两省三市单一物种流域性区域协同立法携手保护长江“微笑天使”[N]. 人民日报,2023-01-05(18).
[24]MEI Z G,HAN Y,TURVERY S T,et al. Mitigating the effect of shipping on freshwater cetaceans:The case study of the Yangtze Finless Porpoise[J]. Biological conservation,2021(257):109-132.
[25]WU B,WANG W,WANG H,et al. A retrospective analysis on the population viability of the Yangtze River Dolphin or Baiji(Lipotes vexillifer)[J]. Indian journal of animal research,2022,56(6):775-779.
[26]SHAFER C L. US National park buffer zones:historical,scientific,social,and legal aspects[J]. Environmental management,1999,23(1):49-73.
[27]刘馨,郝玉江,刘增力,等. 长江江豚自然保护区建设管理存在的问题及调整建议[J]. 水生生物学报,2020,44(6):1360-1368.
[28]陈炳耀,信誉,路方婷,等. 长江江豚监测现状及展望[J]. 中国环境监测,2023,39(2):1-10.
[29]王克雄,王志陶,梅志刚,等. 长江生态考核指标:基于被动声学监测的长江江豚数量[J]. 水生生物学报,2021,45(6):1390-1395.

相似文献/References:

[1]陈炳耀,孟祥垚,刘 杉,等.南京野生长江江豚行为谱及PAE编码系统[J].南京师大学报(自然科学版),2024,(02):63.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4616.2024.02.008]
　Chen Bingyao,Meng Xiangyao,Liu Shan,et al.The Behavior Ethogram and PAE Coding System of Wild Yangtze Finless Porpoise in Nanjing[J].Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2024,(02):63.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4616.2024.02.008]
[2]陈 燃,王 辰,殷文格,等.半自然水域长江江豚母幼互动行为的初步研究[J].南京师大学报(自然科学版),2024,(02):84.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4616.2024.02.010]
　Chen Ran,Wang Chen,Yin Wenge,et al.The Preliminary Study on Mother-Calf Interactive Behavior of Yangtze Finless Porpoise in Semi-Natural Waters[J].Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2024,(02):84.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4616.2024.02.010]
[3]王康伟,周开亚,陈敏敏,等.长江江豚迁地保护需要注意的几个问题[J].南京师大学报(自然科学版),2024,(02):91.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4616.2024.02.011]
　Wang Kangwei,Zhou Kaiya,Cheng Mingming,et al.Beware of Several Problems in Ex-situ Protection of Yangtze Finless Porpoise[J].Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2024,(02):91.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4616.2024.02.011]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2023-06-03.
基金项目:南京长江江豚省级自然保护区科研监测和动态评估项目(2023-JTY-07-02)、南京长江江豚省级自然保护区江宁区域江豚本底调查项目(南京市江宁区农业农村局委托).
通讯作者:陈炳耀,教授,研究方向:鲸类种群生态学、毒理生态学和保护生物学. E-mail:chby2632@163.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2024-06-15