[1]翁艺华,朱熙晴,童秋语,等.氮肥减施与养殖密度协同调控对稻虾共作模式水稻生长及土壤生态的影响[J].南京师大学报(自然科学版),2025,48(05):66-74.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4616.2025.05.008]
　Weng Yihua,Zhu Xiqing,Tong Qiuyu,et al.Synergistic Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction and Stocking Density Regulation on Rice Growth and Soil Ecology in Rice-Crayfish Cocropping System[J].Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2025,48(05):66-74.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4616.2025.05.008]
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氮肥减施与养殖密度协同调控对稻虾共作模式水稻生长及土壤生态的影响()

《南京师大学报（自然科学版）》[ISSN:1001-4616/CN:32-1239/N]

卷:
48
期数:
2025年05期
页码:
66-74
栏目:
生态学
出版日期:
2025-10-20

文章信息/Info

Title:
Synergistic Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction and Stocking Density Regulation on Rice Growth and Soil Ecology in Rice-Crayfish Cocropping System
文章编号:
1001-4616(2025)05-0066-09
作者:
翁艺华1; 朱熙晴1; 童秋语1; 熊媛媛1; 丁 静1; 张 杨1; 寇祥明2; 张家宏2; 戴传超1
(1.南京师范大学生命科学学院,江苏省微生物资源产业化工程技术研究中心,江苏省微生物与功能基因组学重点实验室,江苏 南京 210023)
(2.江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所,江苏 扬州 225007)
Author(s):
Weng Yihua1; Zhu Xiqing1; Tong Qiuyu1; Xiong Yuanyuan1; Ding Jing1; Zhang Yang1; Kou Xiangming2; Zhang Jiahong2; Dai Chuanchao1
(1.School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, Nanjing 210023, China)
(2.Jiangsu Lixiahe District Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225007, China)
关键词:
稻虾共作模式; 氮肥减施; 养殖密度; 水稻产量; 土壤生态
Keywords:
rice-crayfish cocropping; nitrogen fertilizer reduction; stocking density; rice yield; soil ecology
分类号:
S143.1
DOI:
10.3969/j.issn.1001-4616.2025.05.008
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
“稻虾共作”,即水稻与克氏原螯虾(小龙虾)共作,已成为我国稻田综合种养的第一大模式,然而,该模式目前的推广面积仅占预估适宜种养总面积的37.11%. 为了稻虾共作模式的可持续发展,本研究旨在通过调控施氮量和养殖密度“两步法”提出最优的稻田土壤管理方案. 结果表明,长期稻虾共作的土壤在一定程度上进行氮肥减施处理不仅不会降低水稻产量,反而有利于水稻生长,当减施氮肥40%时,产量显著增加9.47%. 随着施氮量增加,水稻生物量和产量均呈现“先升高后降低”的趋势,产量上,常规养殖显著高于高密度养殖. 田间验证试验结果表明,氮肥减施40%条件下,搭配适宜养殖密度(即虾苗投放量15 kg/亩)水稻增产35.94%,同时提高了稻田土壤固氮菌和总细菌,减少土壤真菌,优化稻田土壤微生物生态. 因此,本研究提出的氮肥减施搭配适宜养殖密度的种养方案,不仅为保障我国水稻粮食食品安全提供参考依据,更为稻虾共作模式的节能增效提供了理论和技术支持,对于我国稻田绿色种养的可持续发展具有重要意义.
Abstract:
Rice-crayfish cocropping, integrating rice cultivation with Procambarus clarkii(crayfish), is the largest integrated rice field farming model in China. However, its current adoption area is only 37.11% of the estimated suitable zone. This study proposes an optimal soil management strategy for rice fields using a "two-step method" involving nitrogen application regulation and stocking density adjustment. Long-term rice-crayfish cocropping benefits rice growth without yield reduction under 40% nitrogen fertilizer reduction, achieving a 9.47% yield increase. Rice growth shows a "first increase then decrease" trend with increasing nitrogen application rates. Conventional stocking density outperforms high-density practices in terms of yield. Field validation experiments confirm that combining 40% nitrogen reduction with moderate stocking density(15 kg crayfish seedlings per mu)increases rice yield by 35.94%, while enhancing the number of azotobacter and bacteria in the soil, inhibiting the growth of fungi, and optimizing soil microbial ecology. Therefore, this integrated approach of nitrogen reduction and density optimization provides a scientific basis for safeguarding China's rice food security and advances theoretical and technical frameworks for energy-efficient, high-yield rice-crayfish cocropping. These findings are significant for promoting sustainable agricultural practices in Chinese rice fields.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2025-04-21.
基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年项目(32001210)、江苏省高校自然科学基金面上项目(22KJB180003)、江苏省农业农村污染防治技术与装备工程研究中心开放课题项目(GCZXYB2402)、国家级大学生创新创业训练项目(202410319086Z).
通讯作者:张杨,博士,副教授,研究方向:土壤微生物生态. E-mail:yangzhang@nnu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2025-10-20